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1. 前言
最近搭建的 react 项目想引入 less ,并实现样式局部作用域化，但是在网上找了很多方法试过了都不行，最后打到解决方法，在此记下这惨痛的历程。
2. create-react-app
是业界最优秀的 React 相关应用开发工具之一，本文档就是以此工具来使用 antd-mobile 组件。
安装和初始化
$ npm install -g create-react-app# 注意：工具会自动初始化一个脚手架并安装 React 项目的各种必要依赖，如果在过程中出现网络问题，请尝试配置代理或使用其他 npm registry。$ create-react-app my-app$ cd my-app$ npm start
打开 访问你的应用。
3. 修改 css 配置
下面是修改文件 webpack.config.js。
module.exports = { entry: __dirname + '/index.js', output: { publicPath: '/', filename: './bundle.js' }, module: { loaders: [ { test: /\.jsx?$/, exclude: /node_modules/, loader: 'babel', query: { presets: ['es2015', 'stage-0', 'react'] } }, { test: /\.css$/, loader: "style-loader!css-loader?modules" }, ] } }; 上面代码中，关键的一行是style-loader!css-loader?modules，它在css-loader后面加了一个查询参数modules，表示打开 CSS Modules 功能。
4. 配置 less
首先安装 less 和 less-loader
npm i --save-dev less less-loader
然后在 webpack.config.dev 中配置 less :
//这里我开启自己编写的less文件的css modules功能 除了node_modules库中的less， //也就是可以过滤掉antd库中的样式 { test: /\.less$/, exclude: [/node_modules/], use: [ require.resolve('style-loader'), { loader: require.resolve('css-loader'), options: { modules: true, localIndexName: "[name]__[local]___[hash:base64:5]" }, }, { loader: require.resolve('less-loader'), // compiles Less to CSS }, ], }, 5. 完整配置
送上完整的 webpack.config.dev 配置：
'use strict';const autoprefixer = require('autoprefixer');const path = require('path');const webpack = require('webpack');const HtmlWebpackPlugin = require('html-webpack-plugin');const CaseSensitivePathsPlugin = require('case-sensitive-paths-webpack-plugin');const InterpolateHtmlPlugin = require('react-dev-utils/InterpolateHtmlPlugin');const WatchMissingNodeModulesPlugin = require('react-dev-utils/WatchMissingNodeModulesPlugin');const eslintFormatter = require('react-dev-utils/eslintFormatter');const ModuleScopePlugin = require('react-dev-utils/ModuleScopePlugin');const getClientEnvironment = require('./env');const paths = require('./paths');// Webpack uses `publicPath` to determine where the app is being served from.// In development, we always serve from the root. This makes config easier.const publicPath = '/';// `publicUrl` is just like `publicPath`, but we will provide it to our app// as %PUBLIC_URL% in `index.html` and `process.env.PUBLIC_URL` in JavaScript.// Omit trailing slash as %PUBLIC_PATH%/xyz looks better than %PUBLIC_PATH%xyz.const publicUrl = '';// Get environment variables to inject into our app.const env = getClientEnvironment(publicUrl);// This is the development configuration.// It is focused on developer experience and fast rebuilds.// The production configuration is different and lives in a separate file.module.exports = { // You may want 'eval' instead if you prefer to see the compiled output in DevTools. // See the discussion in https://github.com/facebookincubator/create-react-app/issues/343. devtool: 'cheap-module-source-map', // These are the "entry points" to our application. // This means they will be the "root" imports that are included in JS bundle. // The first two entry points enable "hot" CSS and auto-refreshes for JS. entry: [ // We ship a few polyfills by default: require.resolve('./polyfills'), // Include an alternative client for WebpackDevServer. A client's job is to // connect to WebpackDevServer by a socket and get notified about changes. // When you save a file, the client will either apply hot updates (in case // of CSS changes), or refresh the page (in case of JS changes). When you // make a syntax error, this client will display a syntax error overlay. // Note: instead of the default WebpackDevServer client, we use a custom one // to bring better experience for Create React App users. You can replace // the line below with these two lines if you prefer the stock client: // require.resolve('webpack-dev-server/client') + '?/', // require.resolve('webpack/hot/dev-server'), require.resolve('react-dev-utils/webpackHotDevClient'), // Finally, this is your app's code: paths.appIndexJs, // We include the app code last so that if there is a runtime error during // initialization, it doesn't blow up the WebpackDevServer client, and // changing JS code would still trigger a refresh. ], output: { // Add /* filename */ comments to generated require()s in the output. pathinfo: true, // This does not produce a real file. It's just the virtual path that is // served by WebpackDevServer in development. This is the JS bundle // containing code from all our entry points, and the Webpack runtime. filename: 'static/js/bundle.js', // There are also additional JS chunk files if you use code splitting. chunkFilename: 'static/js/[name].chunk.js', // This is the URL that app is served from. We use "/" in development. publicPath: publicPath, // Point sourcemap entries to original disk location (format as URL on Windows) devtoolModuleFilenameTemplate: info => path.resolve(info.absoluteResourcePath).replace(/\\/g, '/'), }, resolve: { // This allows you to set a fallback for where Webpack should look for modules. // We placed these paths second because we want `node_modules` to "win" // if there are any conflicts. This matches Node resolution mechanism. // https://github.com/facebookincubator/create-react-app/issues/253 modules: ['node_modules', paths.appNodeModules].concat( // It is guaranteed to exist because we tweak it in `env.js` process.env.NODE_PATH.split(path.delimiter).filter(Boolean) ), // These are the reasonable defaults supported by the Node ecosystem. // We also include JSX as a common component filename extension to support // some tools, although we do not recommend using it, see: // https://github.com/facebookincubator/create-react-app/issues/290 // `web` extension prefixes have been added for better support // for React Native Web. extensions: ['.web.js', '.mjs', '.js', '.json', '.web.jsx', '.jsx'], alias: { // Support React Native Web // https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2016/08/a-glimpse-into-the-future-with-react-native-for-web/ 'react-native': 'react-native-web', }, plugins: [ // Prevents users from importing files from outside of src/ (or node_modules/). // This often causes confusion because we only process files within src/ with babel. // To fix this, we prevent you from importing files out of src/ -- if you'd like to, // please link the files into your node_modules/ and let module-resolution kick in. // Make sure your source files are compiled, as they will not be processed in any way. new ModuleScopePlugin(paths.appSrc, [paths.appPackageJson]), ], }, module: { strictExportPresence: true, rules: [ // TODO: Disable require.ensure as it's not a standard language feature. // We are waiting for https://github.com/facebookincubator/create-react-app/issues/2176. // { parser: { requireEnsure: false } }, // First, run the linter. // It's important to do this before Babel processes the JS. { test: /\.(js|jsx|mjs)$/, enforce: 'pre', use: [{ options: { formatter: eslintFormatter, eslintPath: require.resolve('eslint'), }, loader: require.resolve('eslint-loader'), }, ], include: paths.appSrc, }, { // "oneOf" will traverse all following loaders until one will // match the requirements. When no loader matches it will fall // back to the "file" loader at the end of the loader list. oneOf: [ // "url" loader works like "file" loader except that it embeds assets // smaller than specified limit in bytes as data URLs to avoid requests. // A missing `test` is equivalent to a match. { test: [/\.bmp$/, /\.gif$/, /\.jpe?g$/, /\.png$/], loader: require.resolve('url-loader'), options: { limit: 10000, name: 'static/media/[name].[hash:8].[ext]', }, }, // Process JS with Babel. { test: /\.(js|jsx|mjs)$/, include: paths.appSrc, loader: require.resolve('babel-loader'), options: { // This is a feature of `babel-loader` for webpack (not Babel itself). // It enables caching results in ./node_modules/.cache/babel-loader/ // directory for faster rebuilds. cacheDirectory: true, }, }, { test: /\.css$/, loader: "style-loader!css-loader?modules" }, //@Lynn 这里我开启自己编写的less文件的css modules功能 除了node_modules库中的less， //也就是可以过滤掉antd库中的样式 { test: /\.less$/, exclude: [/node_modules/], use: [ require.resolve('style-loader'), { loader: require.resolve('css-loader'), options: { modules: true, localIndexName:"[name]__[local]___[hash:base64:5]" }, }, { loader: require.resolve('less-loader'), // compiles Less to CSS }, ], }, // "file" loader makes sure those assets get served by WebpackDevServer. // When you `import` an asset, you get its (virtual) filename. // In production, they would get copied to the `build` folder. // This loader doesn't use a "test" so it will catch all modules // that fall through the other loaders. { // Exclude `js` files to keep "css" loader working as it injects // its runtime that would otherwise processed through "file" loader. // Also exclude `html` and `json` extensions so they get processed // by webpacks internal loaders. exclude: [/\.(js|jsx|mjs)$/, /\.html$/, /\.json$/], loader: require.resolve('file-loader'), options: { name: 'static/media/[name].[hash:8].[ext]', }, }, ], }, // ** STOP ** Are you adding a new loader? // Make sure to add the new loader(s) before the "file" loader. ], }, plugins: [ // extractLess, // Makes some environment variables available in index.html. // The public URL is available as %PUBLIC_URL% in index.html, e.g.: // // In development, this will be an empty string. new InterpolateHtmlPlugin(env.raw), // Generates an `index.html` file with the webpack.config.prod 中的配置也同理，把 css 与 less 的配置覆盖到 webpack.config.prod 中相应的位置即可。
6. 最后
送上阮老师的
希望本文对你有点帮助。
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